Impact of stent diameter on clinical outcomes following percutaneous coronary intervention with thirdgeneration drug-eluting stents: results from inspirion and latitude trials

INTRODUCTION: In patients treated with bare metal stents and earlygeneration drug-eluting stents (DES) smaller stent diameter (SD) has been associated with worse long-term outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Data on the impact of small SD on outcomes after PCI with third generation DES is scarce. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of SD on clinical outcomes, using a third generation sirolimus-eluting coronary stent with thin struts and abluminal biodegradable polymer. METHODS: Consecutive patients treated with Inspiron® (Scitech, Brazil) in native coronary arteries lesions between June 2017 and January 2022 were included, in a total of 25 Brazilian centers. Patients were grouped according to SD: 3.50mm. One-year event rates were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and adjusted hazard ratios were generated using Cox regression analysis. The primary endpoint was a composite of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) defined by the composite of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction (MI) or target-lesion revascularization (TLR) at 12 months. RESULTS: Of the 2,803 patients who underwent PCI with Inspiron®, 24,5% (n = 688) had SD ≤2.50 mm, 45.0% (n = 1,263) had SD 2.75-3.00mm and 30,4% (n = 852) had SD >3.50 mm. At 1 year, MACE rates were 3.1%, 2.1% and 1.3%, respectively, with increasing SD (p = 0.054). Death due to CV causes at 12 months rates decreased with increasing SD (2.9%, 1.8% and 0.8%, respectively [p < 0.009]) whereas rates of MI related study device at 12 months across SD groups were comparable (0.0%, 0.5%, and 0.1%, respectively [p = 0.086]). After multivariate stepwise Cox regression, smaller SD remained associated with higher rates of MACE (HR 0.46, 95%CI of 0.241-0.890; p=0.022). As seen in Figure 1, the risk of MACE is significantly increased in the first 30 days and remain higher up to 12 months among individuals with mean vessel diameter <2.50mm. CONCLUSIONS: In a large cohort of patients undergoing PCI with third generation DES MACE rates were low, but still higher among patients with smaller SD, mainly drive by higher CV deaths at 12 months. Further research into the optimal treatment strategy of small coronary arteries is still warranted.

Eficácia do Balão Farmacológico no Tratamento de Reestenose Intra-Stent em Óstio da Artéria Descendente Anterior / Efficacy of Drug-Eluting Balloon in the Treatment of Ostial Left Anterior Descending Artery In-Stent Restenosis

A intervenção coronariana percutânea com balão farmacológico surgiu como estratégia adjunta no cenário da Cardiologia Intervencionista. Em comparação com o stent farmacológico, o balão farmacológico oferece vantagens, como a liberação imediata e homogênea do fármaco na parede arterial, a ausência de polímeros que podem induzir a reações inflamatórias crônicas e o potencial de utilizar a dupla antiagregação plaquetária por menor tempo. Além disso, em algumas situações, não são desejáveis implantes adicionais de stents, o que torna essa modalidade uma opção interessante. Relatamos aqui o caso de uma paciente em síndrome coronariana aguda, em que foi feita a opção por esse tipo de intervenção em uma reestenose de stent não farmacológico em óstio de artéria descendente anterior...

Percutaneous coronary intervention with drug-eluting balloons has emerged as an adjunctive strategy in the setting of Interventional Cardiology. When compared to drug-eluting stents, drug-eluting balloons offer advantages such as immediate and homogeneous drug release in the arterial wall, absence of polymers that can induce chronic inflammatory reactions, and the potential for using dual antiplatelet therapy for a shorter period of time. Furthermore, in some situations, additional stenting is not desirable, which turns this modality into an interesting option. We report the case of a patient with acute coronary syndrome in whom this intervention was chosen to treat an ostial left anterior descending artery in-stent restenosis...

CABG late angiographic grafting patency analysis in patients with recurrent symptoms.

OBJECTIVE: Left internal thoracic artery (LITA) grafting has become the gold standard in coronary artery bypass graft procedure (CABG). In order to optimize the use of LITA or other grats, sequential anastomosis has been used. There is no consensus on equivalence of results between isolated and sequential grafts. The aim of this study is to compare the patency of isolated versus sequential grafts. METHODS: From January 2000 to August 2007, a retrospective patency analysis of the grafts used in 88 symptomatic patients who underwent CABG procedure in our Service was performed through cinecoronariography. Statistical analysis was performed through Student's t test. Each distal anastomosis was considered an independent graft. RESULTS: The mean postoperative period was of 53 +/- 138 months and mean age was 64 +/- 11 years. LITA isolated grafts presented patency rate significantly higher than the sequential grafts, respectively 92% (46/50) and 77% (30/39) P = 0.02. However, in injured coronary arteries of >or= 70%, isolated LITA patency rate was similar to sequential grafts, (95%; 37/39) and (93%; 26/28) respectively; P = 0.37. Mean radial artery patency rate was similar to isolated 71% (5/7) and sequential 90% (19/21) grafts; P = 0.10. Saphenous vein patency rates were similar for isolated 72% (31/43) and sequential 81% (73/90) grafts; P = 0.12. There was no difference between radial artery and saphenous vein patency rates. CONCLUSION: In symptomatic patients, isolated LITA patency is superior than sequential LITA. However, in coronary injuries of >or= 70%, the isolated and sequential patency rates are similar. Sequential grafts from radial artery and saphenous vein are similar to their respective isolated grafts.

Análise angiográfica tardia dos enxertos empregados na revascularização miocárdica de pacientes com retorno de sintomas / CABG late angiographic grafting patency analysis in patients with recurrent symptoms

OBJETIVO: A Artéria Torácica Interna Esquerda (ATIE) é o padrão ouro como enxerto na revascularização miocárdica (RM). Para otimizar seu uso, e de outros enxertos, têm sido usadas anastomoses sequenciais. Não há consenso da equivalência dos resultados entre enxertos isolados e sequenciais. O objetivo é comparar a perviabilidade dos enxertos isolados versus sequenciais. MÉTODOS: Análise retrospectiva da patência dos enxertos empregados na RM por meio de cinecoronariografias realizadas no período entre janeiro/2000 e agosto/2007, em 88 pacientes com retorno de sintomas, operados em nosso serviço. Foi utilizado o teste t de Student para a análise estatística dos resultados. Cada anastomose distal foi considerada como um enxerto independente. RESULTADOS: O período médio de pós-operatório foi de 53 + 138 meses e a idade média foi de 64 + 11 anos. Os enxertos isolados de ATIE apresentaram patência superior aos dos enxertos sequenciais, sendo respectivamente de 92 por cento (46/50) e 77 por cento (30/39), com P = 0,02. Entretanto, em artérias coronárias com lesões > 70 por cento, a patência da ATIE isolada é semelhante à seqüencial, sendo, respectivamente, 95 por cento (37/39) e 93 por cento (26/ 28), com P = 0,37. A patência média de artéria radial para enxertos isolados e sequenciais foi, respectivamente, 71 por cento (5/ 7) e 90 por cento (19/21), com P = 0,10. A patência média da veia safena para enxertos isolados e sequenciais foi, respectivamente, 72 por cento (31/43) e 81 por cento (73/90), com P = 0,12. Não houve diferença entre a patência da artéria radial e da veia safena. CONCLUSÃO: Em pacientes com retorno dos sintomas, a ATIE isolada apresenta patência superior à sequencial. Entretanto, em lesões coronarianas > 70 por cento, a patência da ATIE isolada é semelhante à sequencial. Os enxertos sequenciais de artéria radial e de veia safena são semelhantes aos seus respectivos enxertos isolados.

OBJECTIVE: Left internal thoracic artery (LITA) grafting has become the gold standard in coronary artery bypass graft procedure (CABG). In order to optimize the use of LITA or other grats, sequential anastomosis has been used. There is no consensus on equivalence of results between isolated and sequential grafts. The aim of this study is to compare the patency of isolated versus sequential grafts. METHODS: From January 2000 to August 2007, a retrospective patency analysis of the grafts used in 88 symptomatic patients who underwent CABG procedure in our Service was performed through cinecoronariography. Statistical analysis was performed through Student's t test. Each distal anastomosis was considered an independent graft. RESULTS: The mean postoperative period was of 53 + 138 months and mean age was 64 + 11 years. LITA isolated grafts presented patency rate significantly higher than the sequential grafts, respectively 92 percent (46/50) and 77 percent (30/39) P = 0.02. However, in injured coronary arteries of > 70 percent, isolated LITA patency rate was similar to sequential grafts, (95 percent; 37/39) and (93 percent; 26/28) respectively; P = 0.37. Mean radial artery patency rate was similar to isolated 71 percent (5/7) and sequential 90 percent (19/21) grafts; P = 0.10. Saphenous vein patency rates were similar for isolated 72 percent (31/43) and sequential 81 percent (73/90) grafts; P = 0.12. There was no difference between radial artery and saphenous vein patency rates. CONCLUSION: In symptomatic patients, isolated LITA patency is superior than sequential LITA. However, in coronary injuries of > 70 percent, the isolated and sequential patency rates are similar. Sequential grafts from radial artery and saphenous vein are similar to their respective isolated grafts.